Anthroplogy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anthroplogy - Essay Example There was occasional flooding occasioned by the melting glaciers. Most of the mountains in Idaho still have evidence of these Pleistocene glaciers (Digital Geology of Idaho 1). During this period, many animals roamed the plains and mountains of Idaho. Animals such as mammoth, giant sloths, and Smilodon amongst others roamed the earth. My favorite animal that roamed the world during this time was the mammoth. From the remains I saw at the Museum, the mammoth seemed such a huge animal. It is its mere sight that fascinates me more than scares me. All of these mammoths lived and died during the ice age (IMNH 1). As far as diet is concerned, the mammoth fed on grass, bushes, and sedges. Other foods that the mammoth ate included blue spruce, cactus and fruits amongst others. This implies that the Pleistocene period in Idaho was marked by rich vegetation since the mammoth also browsed. Another factor that makes me conclude that the Pleistocene period was marked by rich vegetation is the fact that the mammoth was much bigger than the present elephant yet it survived. In terms of physical appearance, the mammoth also had long tusks as the modern elephant. It must h ave been furry to that it adapted to extreme cold temperatures when the cold season and glaciers swept down the lowlands. However, it later became extinct due to reduced food availability and the ice age that greatly reduced its food sources. Human activity during this age was just beginning to take shape. The fact that this period was also marked by warm temperatures during certain seasons explains the origin of the early man. Archeological evidence point to the fact that man lived during this age and later migrated out of Africa. The early man during this period was the Neanderthal man, whom is said to have evolved after the Home erectus man. The early man had attained an upright posture during this time. He hunted wild animals, gathered food and learned how to make fire. Essentially, culture

Energy Drinks Rationale Essay Example for Free

Energy Drinks Rationale Essay Rationale Energy drinks were maufactured for the purpose of providing mental and physical stimulation for a short period of time. They are specially formulated for people who needs extra energy and are looking for a temporary mental and physical booster in order to get through day to days activity. Energy drinks sprung in the global market wayback 1997 with Red Bull being the very first product that hit the market. Energy drinks contain different ingredients such as caffeine, sugars, taurine, ginseng, guarana extract, and other ingredients such as vitamins and amino acids. Indeed, energy drinks are useful especially for those people who are exposed to heavy work and thinking and need an extra energy to do so. But along with the benefits that one may get in ingesting energy drinks comes the negative effects it may give in ones body. The energy drink market is a fast-growing market, as it remains as the most dynamic segment on the soft drinks market, with strong growth in most market, according to Zenith International. It is most popular to athletes, people in professions, and students. This study is conducted to study the good and bad effects energy drinks may bring to those who ingest it, focusing specially on college students who are most likely exposed to different kind of stress and energy-draining activities such as studying. Since the focus of the study is towards the college students, the researchs aim is to explain the effects of energy drinks to the college students health and school performance, to weigh the good effects and the downside of ingesting it, to suggest some ideas for the betterment of the situation or for the elimination of problems encountered, and to find some alternatives for those situations which are found and proven ineffective. The discovery of energy drinks has been phenomenal. Its global consumption over the last five years has grown by about 10% anually, and now it is sold in over 160 countries worldwide, with 44% of it purchased in convenience strores and 56% purchased in bars and other places. Most of its consumers ae students. Indeed, energy drinks are very helpful to those students who need to stay awake late at night to study for a test, who are making reports, projects, assignments and other schoolworks. Energy drinks contribute in staying awake and focus. But mcuh to our knowledge, energy drinks has limitations. They  may provide extra energy, but it is temporary. They just stimulate the body and brain over a short period of time. They also do not provide an effective way of rehydrating our body and stay in our stomach longer than water because of high sugar concentration. Energy drinks, when taken up without precaution, may cause a serious problem to ones body. Energy drinks contain caffeine, a primary content of coffee. The caffeine content of an enery drink is about 80 mg per 250 ml, equivalent to one cup of coffee. But there are energy drinks sold in larger containers, which means more caffeine content. Caffeine overdose may cause side effects such as nervousness, insomnia, palpitation, dizziness, nausea, and headache. There were reported cases of hospitalizations due to these symptoms, and even death. According to Dr. Matteo Cameli. from University of Siena, despite of its dominant bad effects to the body, they found a health benefit that it may bring in one of their studies. He explained that energy drinks enhance the contractions of both the left and right ventricle of the heart. This may be because of the effect of taurine which stimulates the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. But despite this effect, he still added that energy drinks raise the risk if cardiometabolic disease. Most cases of energy drink symptoms and toxicity are mainly caused by the effects of high-caffeine intake of the body. Most of the labels of energy drinks containers dont really specify the contents, warnings and dosage thats why harmful events occurs. For example, energy drinks contain guarana, which contains caffeine, but the caffeine content is not specified in the label, therefore the caffeine content of that energy drink might be higher than what is reflected. Also, most of the college students are not really typical on what is written on the labels. They must be aware on what is written on labels such as recommended use, recommended dosage, intended population, precaution, and list of ingredients. They must also be aware that the maximum recommended dosage in general is one or two cans a day. It is necessary to read the labels before purchasing a product. There are alternative ways to boost energy without taking in energy drinks, such as making ones own energy drinks by means of natural ingredients such as fruits. In that way, they can make sure that what they are drinking are safer compared to over-the-counter energy drinks.

The Optimists Daughter: A Look at Death and Dying Essays -- Optimist

The Optimist's Daughter: A Look at Death and Dying  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "Fay struck out with her hands, hitting at Major Bullock and Mr. Pitts and Sis, fighting with her mother, too, for a moment. She showed her claws at Laurel, and broke from the preachers last-minute arms and threw herself forward across the coffin on to the pillow, driving her lips without aim against the face under hers. She was dragged back into the library, screaming, by Miss Tennyson Bullock, out of sight behind the blanket of greenery. Judge McKelva's smoking chair lay behind them, overturned" (86). This is a short excerpt from The Optimist's Daughter (1972) by the Pulitzer Prize winner for fiction, Eudora Welty. The story is centered around Laurel McKelva Hand, a young woman who left her home in the South to live in Chicago. While in Chicago she meets Philip Hand, and they are married. Philip, however, goes to war and never returns. Laurel is now venturing to New Orleans to be with her dying father. After his death Laurel and her obnoxious stepmother, Fay, travel back to Laurel's home town of Mount Salus, Mississippi. Once in Mount Salus, Laurel is greeted with many friends and acquaintances. The whole town has already prepared for Laurel and the remains of her father. The day of the funeral the whole town stops to pay their respects; the school ,the bank, the post office, and the court house all close. The funeral is perfect, but Laurel struggles with letting her father go. Laurel's "bridesmaids" also struggle; the "bridesmaids" are Laurel's closest friends and range from young to elderly women. After the funeral is over Fay returns with her family to Texas for a few days while Laurel finishes saying goodbye to her old house. Fay is very bitter t... ...eels about her. Fay, on the other hand, would be lost without her Texan accent. The Optimist's Daughter opens the mind of the reader to let him see the many reactions of friends and relatives to death and dying. As Fay strikes out during the funeral it is easy to recognize that culture also plays into people's reactions. When Fay kisses her husband goodbye, while he was in the coffin, it is because that is what her mother would have done. It can be very hard to deal with the death of a loved one, but sometimes it is even harder to deal with how others are reacting. The novel explains that, "Memory lived not in initial possession but in the freed hands, pardoned and freed, and in the heart that can empty but fill again, in the patterns of restored dreams"(179). Works Cited: Welty, Eudora. The Optimist's Daughter. The Vintage Book 1990 Edition. New York.

The Counterculture of the Amish: A Fundamentalist Perspective Essay

â€Å"They call themselves the Plain People. The men and women known as the Old Order Amish till their fields with horse and plow, travel by horse and buggy, and live without electricity or telephones† (Egenes xiii). In the technologically advanced and modern world we live in today, the word â€Å"plain† is extinct from contemporary culture. It is hard to imagine a life without the present-day conveniences that American society tends to take for granted on a daily basis. A world without telephones, electricity, computers and television is almost unfathomable in America, however, not to the Amish. This paper will be discussing how the Amish are a counterculture that oppose almost every aspect of the modern lifestyle of society in the United States, as well as develop a research proposal which will focus on crime in the Amish culture versus crime in American culture among teens. In order to begin to investigate this, it is important to have an understanding of the his tory of the Amish. The origin and migration, religious beliefs and practices, economic organization, family and community, as well as education are all important components to understanding the background of the Amish. The first Amish families arrived to America in the 1700s, in search of religious freedom, escaping persecution in Germany, Switzerland, and France (Egenes xiii). The families started in Pennsylvania, and after waves of immigration in the 1800s, Amish population eventually spread to 20 other states (Egenes xiii). Religion is a remarkably significant component of their society in which a member vows to live a life full of Christian principles and follow the rules of church and community until death (Egenes xiv). Baptism does not occur until later in teenage ye... ...t. Gaddy, C. Welton., and Barry W. Lynn. First Freedom First: A Citizen's Guide to Protecting Religious Liberty and the Separation of Church and State. Boston: Beacon, 2008. Print. McGahey, Richard, and Jennifer S. Vey. Retooling for Growth: Building a 21st Century Economy in America's Older Industrial Areas. Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution, 2008. Print. Misiroglu, Gina. "Amish." American Countercultures: An Encyclopedia of Nonconformists, Alternative Lifestyles, and Radical Ideas in U.S. History. Vol. Two. Armonk, NY: Sharpe Reference, 2009. 28-29. Print. Schwieder, Elmer, Dorothy Schwieder, and Thomas J. Morain. A Peculiar People: Iowa's Old Order Amish : An Expanded Edition. Iowa City: University of Iowa, 2009. Print. Walbert, David J. Garden Spot: Lancaster County, the Old Order Amish, and the Selling of Rural America. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2002. Print.

NoLag product

For the different budgets related to the NoLag product of JetSet Travel, Inc. (JTI), I would expect to see different items. Below are said budgets and items. But I would like to define what budget is first. Horngren, Datar and Foster (2002) defined budget as the â€Å"[quantitative] expression of a proposed plan of action by management for a specified period and is an aid to coordinating what needs to be done to implement that plan (p. 835). Sales budget. This is usually the staring point for budgeting. The budgeted sales for a future period determines the production and inventory levels which also determine the manufacturing costs of JTI as well as its nonmanufacturing costs for its NoLag product. Items seen in the sales budget are the budgeted selling price for the product, budgeted number of units to be sold, and of course, the budgeted total revenues fro the product. With respect to costs behavior, the items shown in the NoLag sales budget are all variable. That is, these items changes in total in proportion to the number of products to be sold. Purchase budget. This budget identifies the direct materials to be purchased which depends on the budgeted usage of direct materials. Items seen in this budget are the direct materials needed, and under each material the following are specified: Direct materials usage for the period, Target ending inventory for the direct material, Beginning inventory for the direct material, Cost per unit of each of the direct material requirement, and Budgeted direct materials purchases for the period The direct material cost, specifically the direct materials purchase cost is a variable cost. The amount changes relative to the number of direct materials budgeted. Operating expenses budget. This budget included the nonmanufacturing costs related to the NoLag product value chain. Included in this budget are research and development, marketing, distribution, customer-service, and administrative costs. The research and development costs’ behavior – fixed or variable – depends on how management allocates funds to it. If management decides that 10 percent of the total sales budget is to be allocated to research and development, then it is variable – it varies according to the sales budget. The rest of the items under the operating expenses budget exhibit the same characteristics. For example, marketing costs are usually budgeted as a percentage of the sales budget. Capital expenditures budget. This is composed of the investing requirements of JTI with regard to the manufacture of the NoLag product. The expenses here are fixed which includes budgeted purchase amount of new equipments. Cash budgets. The cash budget, according to Horngren, Datar and Foster (2002), â€Å"is a schedule of expected cash receipts and disbursements† (p. 197). Generally, the cash budget has several main sections. Beginning cash balance AND cash receipts. These will form part of the cash available for financing requirements of JTI. Cash receipts come from collections from customers and sales of the NoLag product. Cash disbursements are composed of direct materials purchases, direct labor and other wage and salary outlays, interest on long-term borrowing, income tax payments, and other costs and disbursements. Short-term financing requirements. JTI needs short-term financing requirements if its total cash receipts for the period are less than its total cash disbursements. Ending cash balance. Include considerations for the variable aspects of this product and its sales References Horngren, C. T., Datar, S. M. & Foster, G. (2002). Cost accounting: A managerial emphasis. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. APA 1   

Free Essays on When Pride Still Mattered

1. The title of my autobiography is â€Å"When Pride Still Mattered† by Vince Lombardi. â€Å"When Pride Still Mattered† was published in 1994 by Simon and Schuster Inc. The main point of the author that the reader should be aware of is that Vince Lombardi is considered to be the greatest football coach of all time and he was especially noted for his motivational speeches. Although he never directly tells the reader his purpose of writing this book, it is lead to believe that it is written to inspire all who read this story excel in whatever they try to do. 2. The author had been most influenced by his mother, Matilda Lombardi. Throughout Vince’s life she has sculpted him to possess many qualities such as discipline and faith. She was considered â€Å"domineering† when barking out orders. Her children were given loads of chores so that her family creed, â€Å"There should be no time for lolling around†, would be fulfilled. Vince also explained how his family did not disobey her much at all for the simple fact that â€Å"she would hit first and ask questions later†, which made It difficult to use excuses. 3. Although it was never specifically said, I believe based on the evidence that was given that the church was the author’s place of importance. No matter where Vince was located in his life he would always fulfill his obligations to his faith and the church. He had said himself, â€Å"The church was not some distant intuition to be visited once a week, but a part of the rhythm of daily life.† There was even a point in his life that he sincerely thought he would become a priest. â€Å"It was while standing there amid the color and pageantry, scarlet and white vestments, golden cross, scepters, the wafers and wine, body and blood, the obedient flock coming forward, that the inspiration came to me that I should become a priest.† 4. Ironically enough, if you look at a man whose life has been surrounded by football, the author’s cleare... Free Essays on When Pride Still Mattered Free Essays on When Pride Still Mattered 1. The title of my autobiography is â€Å"When Pride Still Mattered† by Vince Lombardi. â€Å"When Pride Still Mattered† was published in 1994 by Simon and Schuster Inc. The main point of the author that the reader should be aware of is that Vince Lombardi is considered to be the greatest football coach of all time and he was especially noted for his motivational speeches. Although he never directly tells the reader his purpose of writing this book, it is lead to believe that it is written to inspire all who read this story excel in whatever they try to do. 2. The author had been most influenced by his mother, Matilda Lombardi. Throughout Vince’s life she has sculpted him to possess many qualities such as discipline and faith. She was considered â€Å"domineering† when barking out orders. Her children were given loads of chores so that her family creed, â€Å"There should be no time for lolling around†, would be fulfilled. Vince also explained how his family did not disobey her much at all for the simple fact that â€Å"she would hit first and ask questions later†, which made It difficult to use excuses. 3. Although it was never specifically said, I believe based on the evidence that was given that the church was the author’s place of importance. No matter where Vince was located in his life he would always fulfill his obligations to his faith and the church. He had said himself, â€Å"The church was not some distant intuition to be visited once a week, but a part of the rhythm of daily life.† There was even a point in his life that he sincerely thought he would become a priest. â€Å"It was while standing there amid the color and pageantry, scarlet and white vestments, golden cross, scepters, the wafers and wine, body and blood, the obedient flock coming forward, that the inspiration came to me that I should become a priest.† 4. Ironically enough, if you look at a man whose life has been surrounded by football, the author’s cleare...

Hard Times Essays - Hard Times, Classical Liberalism, Utilitarianism

Hard Times Essays - Hard Times, Classical Liberalism, Utilitarianism Hard Times Utilitarianism Quadruped. Graminivorous. Forty teeth, namely twenty-four grinders, four eye-teeth, and twelve incisive. Sheds coat in spring...... A perfect example of a product of utilitarian education, Bitzer defines a horse off the top of his head in a split second. Utilitarianism is the assumption that human beings act in a way that highlights their own self interest. It is based on factuality and leaves little room for imagination. Dickens provides three vivid examples of this utilitarian logic in Hard Times. The first; Mr. Thomas Gradgrind, one of the main characters in the book, was the principal of a school in Coketown. He was a firm believer in utilitarianism and instilled this philosophy into the students at the school from a very young age, as well as his own children. Mr. Josiah Bounderby was also a practitioner of utilitarianism, but was more interested in the profit that stemmed from it. At the other end of the perspective, a group of circus members, who are the total opposite of utilitarians, are added by Dickens to provide a sharp contrast from the ideas of Mr. Bounderby and Mr. Gradgrind. Thomas Gradgrind Sr., a father of five children, has lived his life by the book and never strayed from his philosophy that life is nothing more than facts and statistics. He has successfully incorporated this belief into the school system of Coketown, and has tried his best to do so with his own children. The educators see children as easy targets just waiting to be filled with information. They did not consider, however, the childrens need for fiction, poetry, and other fine arts that are used to expand childrens minds, all of which are essential today in order to produce well-rounded human beings through the educational process. One has to wonder how different the story would be if Gradgrind did not run the school. How can you give a utilitarian man such as Gradgrind such power over a town? I do like how Dickens structures the book to make one ask obvious questions such as these. Dickens does not tell us much about the success of the other students of the school besides Bitzer, who is fairly successful on paper, but does not have the capacity as a person to deal with lifes everyday struggles. Gradgrinds two oldest children, Tom and Louisa, are examples of how this utilitarian method failed miserably. These children were never given the opportunity to think for themselves, experience fun things in life, or even use their imaginations. True, they are smart people in the factual sense but do not have the street smarts to survive. Tom is a young man who, so fed up with his fathers strictness and repetition, revolts against him and leaves home to work in Mr. Bounderbys bank. Tom, now out from under his fathers wing, he begins to drink and gamble heavily. Eventually, to get out of a deep gambling debt, he robs a bank and is forced to flee the area. When Bitzer realizes that Tom has robbed the bank and catches him, Mr. Gradgrind begs him to let Tom go, reminding him of all of the hard work that was put on him while at the school. Ironically Bitzer, using the tools of factuality that he had learned in Gradgrinds school, replies that the school was paid for, but it is now over and he owes nothing more. I think this is extremely funny how, at a time of need, Gradgrinds educational theory has backfired in his face. I think Dickens put this irony in as a comical device but also to show how ineffective the utilitarian method of teaching is. Louisa, unlike Tom, does get along with her father. She even agrees to marry Mr. Bounderby, even though she does not love him, in order to please her father. She stays in the marriage with Bounderby, and goes about life normally and factually, until she is faced with a dilemma and panics. Mr. James Harthouse, a young, good looking guy, is attracted to Louisa and deceivingly draws her attraction to him. She does not know what to do since she has never had feelings of her own before. Her father never gave her the opportunity to think for herself, or even love someone. This is why Louisa goes frantic and ends up crying in her fathers lap. She has always been told what to do and what is right, and now even her father is stumped. For the first time in the whole novel, Mr. Gradgrind strays from the utilitarian philosophy and shows compassion for his daughter and her feelings. One must think that he is beginning